Scientific Papers

The population of southern sea otters has declined by 13-percent in the past four yearsand we don't know why. Our scientific understanding of sea otter biology, population dynamics, disease, and the role of pollutants are essential to our reversing the current trend.

The Otter Project also sponsors needed research projects. The interim and final reports of sponsored projects will also be shown here.


Riedman, M.L. and J.A. Estes. 1990. The sea otter (Enhydra lutris): behavior, ecology, and natural history. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Biol. Rep. 90(14). 126pp. (The most complete scientific reference on sea otters).
Part I > [Format: PDF Size: 4.10 MB]
Part 2> [Format: PDF Size: 3.54 MB]
Part 3> [Format: PDF Size: 3.71 MB]
Part 4> [Format: PDF Size: 2.91 MB]

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003. Final Revised Recovery Plan for the Southern Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris nereis). Portland, Oregon. xi + 165 pp.
Part I > [Format: PDF Size: 1.69 MB]
Part 2> [Format: PDF Size: 2.52 MB]
Part 3> [Format: PDF Size: 3.88 MB]
Part 4> [Format: PDF Size: 3.95 MB]

Otter Project. 2002. Report of a Workshop to Develop a Research Plan on Chemical Contaminants and Health Status of Southern Sea Otters. Proceedings of a workshop, Santa Cruz, CA, 30 Jan. – 1 Feb., 2002. 51 pp.
Part I > [Format: PDF Size: 2.38 KB]
Part 2> [Format: PDF Size: 2.08 KB]

Barnes, Jennifer. 2002. Sea Otter Foraging and Feeding Behaviors: A Review. Prepared for the US Marine Mammal Commission. 27 pp.
Download> [Format: PDF Size: 127 KB]

Report of a Workshop to Develop a Research Plan on Chemical Contaminants and Health Status of Southern Sea Otters
Santa Cruz, California, 30 January1 February, 2002
Prepared by the Southern Sea Otter Contaminants Working Group
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Preliminary Results of an Evaulation of the Potential Threat to Sea Otters Posed by the Nearshore Finfish Trap Fishery
Brain Hatfield and James Estes
U.S. Geological Survey
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Endangered Species Updated
December 1996
Vol. 13, No 12
School of Natural Resources and Environment
THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
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In December of 1996 the University of Michigan published a special issue of Endangered Species Update that was a collection of papers on sea otter biology, conservation, and management. This special issue was a compendium of our current knowledge. The major difference since 1996 is the downturn in the population trend.

Endangered Species Update has graciously given permission for us to reproduce the entire issue here. Endangered Species Update is a valuable resource for those interested in the recovery of threatened and endangered species worldwide. To see current topics and subscribe see: www.umich.edu/~esupdate.

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